Sistem Informasi Obat Untuk Mendukung Monitoring Distribusi Obat Pada Pasien Rawat Inap Di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Umum Bina Kasih Ambarawa

Abstract

Untuk melaksanakan tugas sesuai SK Menkes RI No. 983/Menkes/X1/92 tentang pedoman organisasi rumah sakit umum, maka rumah sakit menjalankan beberapa fungsi, satu diantaranya adalah fungsi penyelenggarakan pelayanan medik dan non medik, pelayanan penunjang medik meliputi pelayanan diagnostik dan terapeutik. Farmasi merupakan salah satu dari layanan penunjang medik terapeutik yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari pelayanan rumah sakit secara menyeluruh. Monitoring merupakan pengumpulan dan review data yang membantu menilai apakah norma-norma program diikuti mutu atau apakah outcome ditingkatkan. Berdasarkan studi pendahuluan menunjukkan kegiatan monitoring distribusi obat belum dapat dilaksanakan secara optimal. Hal ini disebabkan karena belum menghasilkan informasi yang relevan, akurat, tepat waktu dan lengkap. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan sistem informasi obat untuk mendukung monitoring distribusi obat pada pasien rawat inap. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif kuantitatif. Pengembangan sistem berdasarkan langkah-langkah FAST (Framework for the application of systems techniques ). Desain penelitian ini adalah one group pre test post test. Subjek penelitian adalah direktur, kepala instalasi farmasi, kepala bidang penunjang, dan petugas instalasi farmasi. Variabel penelitian ini adalah relevansi, ketepatan waktu, akurat dan kelengkapan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode content analisis (analisis terhadap hasil uji sistem), analisis deskritif (analisis terhadap hasil wawancara) dan analisis analitik (menguji informasi sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan pengembangan sistem informasi). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian sistem informasi saat ini belum menghasilkan informasi yang relevan, akurat, tepat waktu dan lengkap, sistem informasi yang dikembangkan dapat menghasilkan informasi yang relevan, akurat, tepat waktu dan lengkap. Sehingga dapat mendukung monitoring distribusi obat pada pasien rawat inap. Hasil analisis menunjukkan nilai rata-rata tertimbang kriteria relevan (sistem lama 1,45 dan sistem baru 3,35), kriteria akurat (sistem lama 1,53, sistem baru 3,53), kriteria ketepatan waktu (sistem lama 1,53, sistem baru 3,3), kriteria kelengkapan (sistem lama 1,70, sistem baru 3,3), hasil rata-rata tertimbang keseluruhan sistem lama 1,55 dan sistem baru 3,37. hasil uji statistik sistem baru terhadap sistem lama 0,01 (p<0,05) artinya ada perbedaan kualitas informasi sebelum pengembangan sistem dan setelah pengembangan sistem. Kesimpulan sistem informasi baru lebih baik dari sistem informasi lama. Saran untuk pengembangan perlu adanya penyeragaman bahasa pemrogaman, field-fieldnya dan standarisasi pengkodean, menejemen rumah sakit perlu penambahan tenaga untuk peningkatan teknologi informasi dan sistem informasi rumah sakit yang terpadu perlu dikembangkan menjadi multi user. To implement a task in accordance with Decree of Indonesia Health Minister No. 983/Menkes/XI/1992 about a guidance of a hospital organization, a hospital has many functions. One of its functions is the providing of medical and non-medical services, and medical support services namely diagnostic and therapeutic services. Pharmacy is one of the medical support services that cannot be separated from the other hospital services. Monitoring is defined as collecting and reviewing data that help to value whether norms of program are followed by quality or whether outcome is improved. Based on previous study, monitoring of medicine distribution had not been implemented optimally. This condition was caused by information which was resulted was not relevant, accurate, timely, and complete. Aim of this research was to result information system of medicine to support monitoring of medicine distribution on patients at the Inpatient Unit. Type of this research was qualitative-quantitative study. Development of system was based on the steps of FAST (Framework for the Application of System Techniques). Design of research was one group pretest posttest. Subject was the director, head of pharmacy installation, head of support department, and staff of pharmacy installation. Variables of research were relevance, timeliness, accurateness, and completeness. Data were analyzed by using content analysis method for data of system examination, descriptive analysis for data of interview, and analytic analysis for resulted information of before and after development of system. The new system can result relevant, accurate, timely, and complete information and can support monitoring of medicine distribution on patients at the Inpatient Unit. The considered average of relevance for the old system is 1,45 and the considered average of relevance for the new system is 3,35. The considered average of accurateness for the old system is 1,53 and the considered average of accurateness for the new system is 3,53. The considered average of timeliness for the old system is 1,53 and the considered average of timeliness for the new system is 3,3. The considered average of completeness for the old system is 1,70 and the considered average of completeness for the new system is 3,3. The considered average of the old system is 1,55 and for the new system is 3,37. Result of statistical analysis shows that there is any difference of information quality between the old and the new system with p value = 0,001 (p<0,05). Finally, the new system is better than the old system.